Courage and Consequence – The Walkout Letter: We Lacked Authority for This
In this episode of the Courage and Consequence series, we tell the story of Robert Yates and John Lansing Jr. — two New York delegates who walked out of the Constitutional Convention on July 10, 1787, and then wrote one of the most precisely argued dissent letters in American history to Governor George Clinton. Yates, a sitting judge, and Lansing, the mayor of Albany, had been sent to revise the Articles of Confederation. What they found in Philadelphia was a convention building an entirely new government — one they believed exceeded their mandate, destroyed state sovereignty, and could not protect liberty in a republic of such vast scale. Their formal letter, signed under their own names and delivered to the governor of their state, made four arguments that shaped the ratification debate and helped force the Bill of Rights into existence. Their walkout silenced New York’s vote for the remainder of the Convention. Their letter set the terms of the Anti-Federalist argument. They lost the constitutional fight — and won the Bill of Rights.
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